Faculty
Kenneth B. Crozier
John L. Loeb Associate Professor of the Natural Sciences
Faculty Associate, Center for Nanoscale Systems
Participant, Nanoscale Science and Engineering Center
Contact Information
| Nickname: | Ken |
| Office: | 147 Maxwell Dworkin Building |
| Email: | kcrozier@seas.harvard.edu |
| Office Phone: | (617) 496-1441 |
| Office Fax: | (617) 495-2484 |
Websites
http://crozier.seas.harvard.edu/
Education
- B. Eng., Electrical Engineering and B.S., Physics, University of Melbourne
- M.S.E.E. and Ph.D., Electrical Engineering, Stanford University
Research Interests
Materials & Devices- Nanophotonics
Primary Teaching Area
Applied Physics
Profile
Optics provides us with powerful characterization techniques, allowing complex, layered structures to be imaged (confocal microscopy), the chemical composition of materials to be determined (spectroscopy), and particles to be manipulated in a non-contact manner (optical tweezers). Traditional optical methods fail for nanometer-scale structures, however, because diffraction prevents conventional lenses from focusing light to spots smaller than roughly half a wavelength. Nonetheless, the ability to apply optical methods to the nanoscale would greatly enhance our capabilities in nanotechnology and nanoscience.
The focus of the Crozier Laboratory is on developing new tools for nanotechnology based on photonics. These are largely based on surface plasmon structures, termed optical antennas, which enable light to be concentrated into spots with sub-wavelength spatial extent. The Crozier Laboratory is pursuing applications of these and related microfabricated structures in manipulation, imaging, and spectroscopy.
The incorporation of optical tweezers into microfluidic chips would provide exciting new functionalities for these systems. These include particle sorting, particle manipulation, the measurement of fluid properties, and biophysical force measurements. Professor Crozier’s group has the goal of developing microfabricated structures for optical trapping that are suitable for integration into microfluidic chips. Surface plasmon nanostructures generate optical near-fields that could be employed for the trapping of nanoparticles. For trapping microparticles, other structures, including Fresnel Zone Plates, are being investigated.
Near-field scanning optical microscopy (NSOM) extends the resolution of optical microscopes below the diffraction limit. The Crozier Laboratory is developing new probes for NSOM based on optical antenna structures. With Professor Capasso’s group, the Crozier Laboratory is also pursuing the combination of optical antennas with semiconductor lasers, in devices termed “plasmonic laser antennas.”
Raman spectroscopy is a powerful analytical technique, permitting molecules to be identified through their characteristic spectral fingerprint. A key challenge, however, is that Raman scattering cross sections are very small. In the 1970’s, it was discovered that molecules on roughened surfaces have significantly larger Raman signals. This method, known as Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering, offers enormous potential, but its widespread adoption has been hampered by the frequently irreproducible nature of these surfaces. The Crozier Laboratory is developing surface plasmon optical antenna chips with the goal of achieving large enhancement accompanied by the reproducibility demanded by sensor applications.
Positions and Employment
Harvard School of Engineering and Applied Sciences
- Present: Associate Professor of Electrical Engineering
Selected Publications
45. "Ultracompact, broadband slot waveguide polarization splitter," Shiyun Lin, Juejun Hu, and Kenneth B. Crozier, Applied Physics Letters vol. 98, pp. 151101 (2011) PDF
44. "Multicolored Vertical Silicon Nanowires," Kwanyong Seo, Munib Wober, Paul Steinvurzel, Ethan Schonbrun, Yaping Dan, Tal Ellenbogen, and Kenneth B. Crozier, Nano Letters, ASAP, posted Mar 17, 2011 PDF PDF supporting info
43. "Optical antennas integrated with concentric ring gratings: electric field enhancement and directional radiation," Dongxing Wang, Tian Yang, and Kenneth B. Crozier, Optics Express vol. 19, 2148 (2011) PDF
42. "A microfluidic fluorescence measurement system using an astigmatic diffractive microlens array," Ethan Schonbrun, Paul E. Steinvurzel, and Kenneth B. Crozier, Optics Express vol. 19, 1385 (2011) PDF
41. "Mixed Dimer Double-Resonance Substrates for Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy," Mohamad G. Banaee and Kenneth B. Crozier, ACS Nano vol. 5, 307 (2011) PDF
40. "Optical trapping of dielectric nanoparticles in resonant cavities," Juejun Hu, Shiyun Lin, Lionel C. Kimerling, and Kenneth Crozier, Physical Review A vol. 82, 053819 (2010) PDF
39. "Separation of Electromagnetic and Chemical Contributions to Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectra on Nanoengineered Plasmonic Substrates," Semion K. Saikin, Yizhuo Chu, Dmitrij Rappoport, Kenneth B. Crozier, and Alan Aspuru-Guzik, Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters vol. 1, 2740 (2010) PDF PDF (supporting info)
38. "Scannable Plasmonic Trapping Using a Gold Stripe," Kai Wang, Ethan Schonbrun, Paul Steinvurzel, and Kenneth B. Crozier, Nano Letters vol. 10, 3506 (2010) PDF PDF (supporting info) Movie1 Movie2
37. "Optical Manipulation with Planar Silicon Microring Resonators," Shiyun Lin, Ethan Schonbrun, and Kenneth Crozier, Nano Letters vol. 10, 2408 (2010) PDF Movie1 Movie2
36. "Double-Resonance Plasmon Substrates for Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering with Enhancement at Excitation and Stokes Frequencies," Yizhuo Chu, Mohamad G. Banaee and Kenneth B. Crozier, ACS Nano vol. 4, 2804 (2010) PDF
35. "Charge and current reservoirs for electric and magnetic field enhancement," Dongxing Wang, Tian Yang, and Kenneth B. Crozier, Optics Express vol. 10, 10388 (2010) PDF
34. "Gold nanorings as substrates for surface-enhanced Raman scattering," Mohamad G. Banaee and Kenneth B. Crozier, Optics Letters vol. 35, 760 (2010) PDF
33. "High-throughput fluorescence detection using an integrated zone plate
array," Ethan Schonbrun, Adam R. Abate, Paul E. Steinvurzel, David A. Weitz and Kenneth B. Crozier, Lab-on-a-Chip vol. 10, 852 (2010) PDF
32. "Amplitude- and Phase-Resolved Near-Field Mapping of Infrared Antenna Modes by Transmission-Mode Scattering-Type Near-Field Microscopy," Martin Schnell, Aitzol Garcia-Etxarri, Andreas J. Huber, Kenneth B. Crozier,
Andrei Borisov, Javier Aizpurua, and Rainer Hillenbrand, Journal of Physical Chemistry C vol. 114, 7341 (2010) PDF
31. "Design of nanoslotted photonic crystal waveguide cavities for single nanoparticle trapping and detection," Shiyun Lin, Juejun Hu, Lionel Kimerling, and Kenneth B. Crozier, Optics Letters vol. 34, 3451 (2009) PDF
30. "Scanning microscopy using a short-focal-length Fresnel zone plate," Ethan Schonbrun, Winnie N. Ye, and Kenneth B. Crozier, Optics Letters vol. 34, 2228 (2009) PDF
29. "Propulsion of Gold Nanoparticles with Surface Plasmon Polaritons: Evidence of Enhanced Optical Force from Near-Field Coupling between Gold
Particle and Gold Film," Kai Wang, Ethan Schonbrun, and Kenneth B. Crozier, Nano Letters vol. 9, 2623 (2009) PDF
28. "Co- and cross-flow extensions in an elliptical optical trap," E. Schonbrun, J. Wong, and K. B. Crozier, Physical Review E vol. 79, 042401 (2009) PDF
27. " Surface plasmon resonances of optical antenna atomic force
microscope tips," Yanshu Zou, Paul Steinvurzel, Tian Yang, and Kenneth B. Crozier, Applied Physics Letters vol. 94, 171107 (2009) PDF
26. " Controlling the near-field oscillations of loaded
plasmonic nanoantennas," M. Schnell, A. Garcıa-Etxarri, A. J. Huber, K. Crozier, J. Aizpurua and R. Hillenbrand, Nature Photonics vol. 3, 287 (2009) PDF
25. " Coherent coupling of multiple transverse modes in quantum cascade lasers," Nanfang Yu, Laurent Diehl, Ertugrul Cubukcu, David Bour, Scott Corzine, Gloria Hofler, Aleksander K. Wojcik, Kenneth B. Crozier, Alexey Belyanin and Federico Capasso, Physical Review Letters vol. 102, 013901 (2009) PDF
24. " Experimental study of the interaction between localized and propagating surface plasmons," Yizhuo Chu and Kenneth B. Crozier, Optics Letters vol. 34, 244 (2009) PDF
23. " Analysis of surface plasmon waves in metal-dielectric-metal structures and the criterion for negative refractive index," Tian Yang and Kenneth B. Crozier, Optics Express vol. 17, 1136 (2009) PDF
22. " Plasmonic laser antennas and related devices," Ertugrul Cubukcu, Nanfang Yu, Elizabeth J. Smythe, Laurent Diehl, Kenneth B. Crozier and Federico Capasso, IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics vol. 14, 1148 (2008) PDF
21. " Experimental observation of narrow surface plasmon resonances in gold nanoparticle arrays," Yizhuo Chu, Ethan Schonbrun, Tian Yang and Kenneth B. Crozier, Applied Physics Letters vol. 93, 181108 (2008) PDF
20. " Spring constant modulation in a zone plate tweezer using linear polarization," E. Schonbrun and K. B. Crozier, Optics Letters vol. 33, pp. 2017 (2008) PDF
19. " Surface plasmon coupling in periodic metallic nanoparticle structures: a semi-analytical model," Tian Yang and Kenneth B. Crozier, Optics Express vol. 16, pp. 13070 (2008) PDF
18. " Dispersion and extinction of surface plasmons in an array of gold nanoparticle chains: influence of the air/glass interface," Tian Yang and Kenneth B. Crozier, Optics Express vol. 16, pp. 8570 (2008) PDF
17. " Microfabricated water immersion zone plate optical tweezer," Ethan Schonbrun, Charles Rinzler and Kenneth B. Crozier, Applied Physics Letters vol. 92, 071112 (2008) PDF
16. "Experimental measurement of the dispersion relations of the surface plasmon modes of metal nanoparticle chains," K.B. Crozier, E. Togan, E. Simsek and T. Yang, Optics Express vol. 15, pp. 17482 (2007)PDF
15. "Plasmonic Quantum Cascade Laser Antenna," N. Yu, E. Cubukcu, L. Diehl, M. Belkin, K.B. Crozier, F. Capasso, D. Bour, S. Corzine, and G. Hofler, Applied Physics Letters vol. 91, pp. 173113 (2007)PDF
14. "Near-field Imaging of Quantum Cascade Laser Transverse Modes," N. Yu, L. Diehl, E. Cubukcu, C. Pfugl, D. Bour, S. Corzine, J. Zhu, G. Hofler, K.B. Crozier and F. Capasso, Optics Express vol. 15, pp. 13227 (2007)PDF
13. "Bowtie Plasmonic Quantum Cascade Laser," N. Yu, E. Cubukcu, L. Diehl, D. Bour, S. Corzine, J. Zhu, G. Hofler, K.B. Crozier and F. Capasso, Optics Express vol. 15, pp. 13272 (2007) PDF
12. "Differential Near-Field Scanning Optical Microscopy," A. Ozcan, E. Cubukcu, A. Bilenca, K.B. Crozier, B.E. Bouma, F. Capasso, G.J. Tearney, Nano Letters vol. 6, pp. 2609 (2006) PDF
11. "Plasmonic Laser Antenna," Ertugrul Cubukcu, Eric A. Kort, Kenneth B. Crozier, Federico Capasso, Applied Physics Letters, vol. 89, pp. 093120 (2006) PDF
10. "Air-bridged Photonic Crystal Slabs at Visible and Near-infrared Wavelengths," K.B. Crozier, Virginie Lousse, Onur Kilic, Shanhui Fan, and Olav Solgaard, Physical Review B, vol. 73, pp. 115126 (2006) PDF
9. "Field Enhancement and Gap-Dependent Resonance in a System of Two Opposing Tip-to-Tip Au Nanotriangles," A. Sundaramurthy, K.B. Crozier, G.S. Kino, D.P. Fromm, P.J. Schuck and W.E. Moerner, Physical Review B, vol. 72, pp. 165409 (2005) PDF
8. "Optical antennas: resonators for local field enhancement," K.B. Crozier, A. Sundaramurthy, G.S. Kino and C.F. Quate, Journal of Applied Physics, vol. 94, pp. 4632-42 (2003) PDF
7. 'Micromachined silicon nitride Solid Immersion Lens," K.B. Crozier, D.A. Fletcher, G.S. Kino, and C.F. Quate, Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems, vol. 11, pp. 470-478 (2002) PDF
6. "Thin film characterization by atomic force microscopy at ultrasonic frequencies," K.B. Crozier, G.G. Yaralioglu, F.L. Degertekin, J.D. Adams, S.C. Minne, and C.F. Quate, Applied Physics Letters, vol. 76, pp. 1950-1952 (2000) PDF
5. "Microfabricated Silicon Solid Immersion Lens," D.A. Fletcher; K.B. Crozier, K.W. Guarini, S.C. Minne, G.S. Kino, C.F. Quate, K.E. Goodson, Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems; vol.10, pp.450-459 (2001) PDF
4. "Refraction contrast imaging with a scanning microlens," D.A. Fletcher, K.B. Crozier, C.F. Quate, G.S. Kino, K.E. Goodson, D. Simanovskii, D.V. Palanker, Applied Physics Letters; vol.78, pp.3589-3591 (2001) PDF
3. "Contact stiffness of layered materials for ultrasonic atomic force microscopy," G.G. Yaralioglu, F.L. Degertekin, K.B. Crozier, and C.F. Quate, Journal of Applied Physics, vol. 87, pp. 7491-7496 (2000) PDF
2. "Near-field infrared imaging with a microfabricated solid immersion lens," D.A. Fletcher, K.B. Crozier, G.S. Kino, C.F. Quate, K.E. Goodson, D. Simanovskii, and D.V. Palanker, Applied Physics Letters, vol. 77, pp 2109-2111 (2000) PDF
1. "Nearfield Photolithography with a solid immersion lens," L.P. Ghislain, V.B. Elings, K.B. Crozier, S.C. Manalis, S.R. Minne, K. Wilder, G.S. Kino, C.F. Quate, Applied Physics Letters, vol. 74, pp. 501-503 (1999) PDF